Viral Structure/Replication
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What impact has molecular biology has on understanding of viruses?
Basis for classification Understanding replication and pathogenesis Development of antiviral drugs/novel vaccines Molecular epidemiology of viruses
How do viruses depend on their host?
Dependent as a source of energy / to provide raw materials Use host cell machinery to replicate their genome / to synthesise new protein
Describe the small virus genome.
Few genome protein components No genes for energy metabolism / lipid or amino acid synthesis No protein synthesis enzymes or ribosomes Less non-coding DNA, few or no introns
What three kinds of RNA genome can a virus have?
+ve sense single-stranded RNA -ve sense single-stranded RNA Double-stranded RNA
What is the structure of a virus?
Virus nucleic acid enclosed in a capsid made of multiple protein subunits called capsomers Nucleic acid and capsid together form the nucleocapsid.
Define peplomers.
Membrane-anchored glycoprotein sugars added by host cell enzymes in the Golgi apparatus.
Briefly describe viral replication.
Attachment to plasma membrane -> entry into cytoplasm/nucleus -> uncoating of virus particle -> synthesis of mRNA and protein -> replication of nucleic acid -> virus assembly -> exit of virus from cell