Cardiovascular System
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Functions of CV system
Transports nutrients Transports oxygen Transports CO2 Clotting of open wounds Regulation of body temperature
Vena cava
Transports deoxygenated blood from body to right atrium
Right atrium
Top chamber of the heart which holds deoxygenated blood
Tricuspid valve
Stops blood flowing back into right atrium
Right ventricle
Bottom chamber that holds deoxygenated blood
Semi lunar valve
Stop blood flowing back into right ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Transports deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
Pulmonary vein
Transports oxygenated blood from lungs to hears
Left atrium
Top chamber of heart which carries oxygenated blood
Semi lunar valve
Stops the blood flowing back into left ventricle
Left ventricle
Bottom chamber which holds oxygenated blood
Aorta
Transports oxygen plated blood from heart to rest of the body
Septum
Wall separating the right and left side of the heart
Artery structure
• thick walls • think elastic walls • small lumen • carries blood at high pressure • carries blood away from the heart • usually carries oxygenated blood apart from pulmonary artery
Why are arteries important during physical activity
When we excerize blood pressure increases due to the demand for O2 from the working muscles. Arteries take the blood to the working muscles and dilate to allow more blood through
Vein structure
• thin walls • large lumen -carry blood at low pressure • mainly carry deoxygenated blood
Vein importance
When we exercise aerobically, CO2 is a waste produced and blood in the veins takes it to the lungs to be exhaled. Valves in the vein prevent the back flow of blood at low temperatures
Capillary structure
• very thin walls • small lumen • links smaller arteries to small veins • allow gaseous exchange
Capillary importance
When we exercise we need to deliver O2 to the working muscles and remove CO2. Capillaries allow the gaseous exchange at the lung and the muscle