hormones
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follicle stimulating hormone (pituitary; anterior)
stimulates production of ova and sperm regulated by hypothalamus
luteinising hormone (pituitary; anterior)
stimulates ovaries and testes regulated by hypothalamus
growth hormone (pituitary; anterior)
stimulates growth (specifically muscle and bone) and metabolism regulated by hypothalamus
thyroid stimulating hormone (pituitary; anterior)
stimulates the thyroid glands regulated by hypothalamus in reaction blood thyroxine levels
adrenocorticotropic hormone (pituitary; anterior)
stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids regulated by hypothalamus in response to glucocorticoid levels
prolactin (pituitary; anterior)
stimulates the production of milk regulated by hypothalamus
oxytocin (pituitary; posterior)
stimulates contraction of the uterine lining and the milk ‘let down’ regulated by hypothalamus in response to suckling of baby or uterine stretching
anti-diuretic hormone (pituitary; posterior)
promotes the retention of water regulated by hypothalamus in response to salt/water imbalance
melatonin (pineal gland)
regulates the circadian rhythm (sleep/wake cycle) regulated light and darkness
thyroxine (T3) and triiodothyronine (T4) (thyroid)
stimulates metabolism regulated by the pituitary, thyroid stimulating hormone
calcitonin (thyroid)
decrease level of calcium in blood regulated by the blood calcium levels
parathyroid hormone (parathyroid)
controls calcium and phosphate levels in blood regulated by blood calcium levels
Thymosin (Thymus)
stimulates the development of t-cells and isn’t regulated
epinephrine and norepinephrine (adrenal glands;inner/medulla)
increase blood glucose levels, increase metabolism, constrict certain blood levels regulated by nervous system; sympathetic division
mineralocorticoids
promotes reabsorption of sodium and excretion potassium in kidneys regulated by blood pressure and sodium potassium blood concentration
Cortisol/ glucocorticoids (adrenal cortex; outer/cortex)
increase blood glucose levels regulated by ACTH
insulin (pancreas)
reduces blood glucose, causes glycogen production from glucose regulated by blood glucose levels
glucagon (pancreas)
increases blood glucose by causing the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose regulated by blood glucose levels
testosterone (gonads)
sperm formation male secondary sexual characteristics regulated by LH and FSH
oestrogen
stimulate uterine lining growth and female secondary sexual characteristics regulated by LH and FSH
progesterone (gonads)
supports uterine lining growth regulated by FSH and LH