Unit 4 carboxylic Acids + Esters; O.E
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Name the two functional groups in a carboxylic acid
Carbonyl group C=O Hydroxy group O-H
How does the -OH group on a carboxylic acid differ from that of an alcohol
Much more acidic
Give a common use for ethanoic acid
Vinegar
What is the suffix of a carboxylic acid
-Oic acid
What is the name of the compound C(6)H(6)COOH
Benzenecarboxylic acid
How many hydrogen bonds can one carboxylic acid make with water??
Answer: 2 One on the hydroxy group and one on the carbonyl group
Give the general formula of an eater
RCOOR’.
What are the rules of naming an ester?
The R group on the carbonyl carbon becomes the prefix and the main chain which which makes up the carboxylic acid becomes the suffix -oate
What would be the IUPAC name for HCOOH
Methanoic acid
Give a use of longer chained esters
Fats and oils
Explain how all of the compounds on the carbonyl carbon can react
1: delta positive carbon is open to attack from nucleophiles 2: delta negative O of the carbonyl group can be attacked by positively charged species such as (H+) [being protonated] 3: the delta positive H of the hydroxy group may well be lost as a H+ ion in the case of the compound behaving as an acid
Write an equation for the loss of a proton in carboxylic acids
RCOOH (eqm=) RCOO- + H+ Forming a carboxylate ion
How do you define a carboxylic acid from an alcohol
The carboxylic acid is a weak acid, it can be reacted with sodium hydrogencarbonate and will release Carbon dioxide
How would you describe an ester
As acid derivatives
__________ + ____________ ester + water Fill In the blanks and give the name of the catalyst
1: carboxylic acid 2: alcohol Catalyst: H+ ion