Speciation
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Role of speciation
Prevent interbreeding
Allopatric
Population becomes divided by barrier caused by formation of river or mountain
Peripatric
New species formed from a small population isolated at the edge of a larger population
Parapatric
Population divided by localized selection pressure usually occurring in plants
Sympatric
Same species evolve into separate species without any geographical separation.
Prezygotic barriers
Prevents mating between two species
Habitat isolation
Two species living in separate places so egg and sperm can’t come into contact
Behavioural isolation
Different mating rituals
Temporal isolation
individuals of two populations mating at different times usually occur in plants to prevent cross pollination
Mechanical isolation
Individuals of two species can’t interbreed because of difference in size
Gametic isolation
Different molecule levels
Post zygotes barriers
Prevents zygote from becoming viable
Zygotic mortality
Hybrid embryo doesn’t develop to maturity
Zygotic in viability
Hybrid born with reduced life span and fitness level
Zygotic infertility
Hybrid born strong but cannot reproduce