Male Reproductive System

The scrotum hangs outside the pelvic cavity at the root of the penis. It protects the testicles

Cremaster: In cold conditions the cremaster muscle pulls the testes closer to the pelvic floor & warmth of the body Dartos:

Spermatogenesis is the formation of sperm by meiosis. FSH and LH are the two hormones which initiate and maintain spermatogenesis

• Supports and provide nutrients for 70 days while the cells undergo meiosis and develop into sperm • Produce testicular fluid for transport of sperm • Control release of sperm into lumen of the seminiferous tubule

Is a cap like vesicle containing enzymes to help sperm penetrate the secondary oocyte for fertilization

Provides energy which the tail can use to propel the sperm though tough female reproductive tract

Propels the sperm

GnRH LH FSH

• Controls the growth, development, functioning, & maintenance of sex organs • Stimulates sperm maturation, bone growth and protein synthesis • Stimulates development of male secondary sex characteristics during puberty

• Controls the growth, development, functioning, & maintenance of sex organs • Stimulates sperm maturation, bone growth and protein synthesis • Stimulates development of male secondary sex characteristics during puberty

Located around the posterior surface of the testis • Site for sperm to mature & gain motility • Stores Sperm • Propels sperm in ductus deferens by peristalsis during sexual arousal

• Transports the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra by peristalsis

The spermatic cord contains all the structures passing to and from the testes • Testicular blood vessel • Autonomic nerves • Lymphatic vessels • Ducts (vas) Deferens • Cremaster muscle

They sit on the posterior surface of the bladder and add an alkaline, viscous fluid that contains fructose for sperm to use for producing ATP

Runs through the superior aspect of the prostate gland. The ejaculatory duct ejects sperm and seminal vesicle secretions into the urethra just before ejaculation

Located just inferior to the urinary bladder. The prostate gland squeezes glandular secretions into the urethra. This fluid is milking and slightly acidic. It nourishes and transports sperm

Located at the base of the penis. It produces a thick, clear, alkaline mucus which drains into the urethra and lubricates the male during sexual excitement. It also neutralises the acidic urine in the urethra.

Located at the base of the penis. It produces a thick, clear, alkaline mucus which drains into the urethra and lubricates the male during sexual excitement. It also neutralises the acidic urine in the urethra.

It carries urine out of the bladder & propels semen along the length of the penis for discharge during ejaculation

During ejaculation a smooth muscle sphincter at the base of the urinary bladder closes (involuntary), preventing urine from entering the urethra & preventing semen entering the urinary bladder

• About age 55 a decline in testosterone levels results in decreased muscular strength, fewer viable sperm & decreased sexual desire. But abundant sperm may be present in old age. • Benign prostatic hyperplasia may cause frequent urination, decreased force of stream, bed-wetting & sensation of incomplete emptying

• The onset of puberty 12-14 yrs is marked by pulses of GnRH which trigger production of FSH & LH

stimulate spermatogenesis

Flagella