Exam #2
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Mortality is…
rates of death
Morbidity is…
Rates of disease
What is homeostasis?
relative maintenance of a consistent system of the body
What is the difference between acute and chronic?
acute is an immediate reaction; chronic is change over a long period of time
Acute Response leads to…
chronic adaptation
What is an acute response?
Response to a single bout of physical activity (raised heart rate)
What is a chronic adaptation?
Response of repeated physical activity that improves functions of the body
What energy system uses ATP and Creatine?
Immediate (10 seconds or less)
What energy system is for 2 minutes or less?
Glycolysis
Where does glycolysis get its energy from?
blood glucose
What energy system is used for 2+ minutes?
Oxidative metabolism
What does oxidative metabolism use?
Carbohydrates or fats. Fats for low intensity, carbs as it gets higher
At low intensity what do you burn more of?
Fats
At high intensity what do you burn more of?
Carbohydrates
What is the glucose-fatty acid cycle?
When you feed carbs, body will use carbs, when you don’t feed carbs, body will find other sources
What is gluc-4?
A glucose transporter. Takes glucose from blood into cells
What triggers gluc-4?
when insulin travels around the body tries to reduce blood sugar
Two muscle types?
Type I and Type II
Characteristics of Type I muscle:
Slow twitch; not a lot of ATP; very fatigue resistant
Characteristics of Type II muscle:
Fast twitch; Lots of ATP; fatigue very easily
Catabolic versus anabolic
Catabolic breaks things down, anabolic builds things up
Body composition make up:
Fat mass & lean body mass
What is osteoporosis?
Clinical disease of brittle bone and decrease in bone density
How to reduce osteoporosis?
Enough calcium; SAID principle: use it or lose it (Wolf’s law)