A2- Reactions in Aqueous Solution

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

What is the colour of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq)?

Back (Answer)

green solution

Front (Question)

What are the observations when NaOH/dilute NH3 is added to aqueous Fe2+?

Back (Answer)

• green ppt goes brown on standing in air

Front (Question)

What colour is FeCO3(s)? When is it formed?

Back (Answer)

• green ppt • action of Na2CO3(aq)

Front (Question)

What is the colour of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq)?

Back (Answer)

blue solution

Front (Question)

What are the observations when NaOH/dilute NH3 is added to aqueous Cu2+?

Back (Answer)

• blue ppt

Front (Question)

What is formed when aqueous Cu2+ reacts with an excess of concentrated ammonia?

Back (Answer)

[Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ (aq) deep/royal blue solution

Front (Question)

What colour is CuCO3(s)? When is it formed?

Back (Answer)

• blue-green ppt • action of Na2CO3 (aq)

Front (Question)

What colour is [CuCl4]2+?

Back (Answer)

green

Front (Question)

What colour is [Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq)?

Back (Answer)

purple solution may look yellow-brown due to presence of some Fe(H2O)3(OH)3 (s)

#10

Front (Question)

What are the observations when NaOH/dilute NH3 is added to aqueous Fe3+?

Back (Answer)

• brown ppt

#11

Front (Question)

What colour is [Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq)?

Back (Answer)

colourless solution

#12

Front (Question)

What are the observations when NaOH/dilute NH3 is added to aqueous Al3+?

Back (Answer)

• white ppt

#13

Front (Question)

What happens when excess of NaOH is reacted with Aluminium (III)?

Back (Answer)

[Al(OH)4(H2O)2]- (aq) white ppt redissolves colourless solution

#14

Front (Question)

Why are aqueous metal ions acidic?

Back (Answer)

• metal ion is polarising • attracts electron density off of the water ligands • weakens O-H bond (allows H+ to be donated)

#15

Front (Question)

Why is Al3+ more acidic than Fe3+?

Back (Answer)

Al3+ is smaller greater charge density so greater polarising power so O-H can be deprotonated easier

#16

Front (Question)

Why are 3+ ions more acidic than 2+ ions?

Back (Answer)

greater charge so more polarising so O-H can be deprotonated easier

#17

Front (Question)

What is the end product formed when aqueous Al3+ react with excess NaOH?

Back (Answer)

[Al(H2O)2(OH)4]-

#18

Front (Question)

Why are the end products (when reacted in excess) different in the reactions with NH3 and NaOH?

Back (Answer)

NaOH is a stronger base, whereas NH3 is not a strong enough base to further deprotonate

#19

Front (Question)

Give the 3 bases involved in these reactions in order of their strength…

Back (Answer)

OH- > NH3 > CO32-

#20

Front (Question)

What does NaCO3 deprotonate?

Back (Answer)

M3+ ions

#21

Front (Question)

What equation shows the action of NaCO3 reacting with aqua-metal 3+ ions?

Back (Answer)

2[M(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- –> 2M(H2O)3(OH)3 + 3H2O + 3CO2

#22

Front (Question)

What observation is made when M3+ ions react with NaCO3?

Back (Answer)

bubbles/effervescence due to CO2 colour change dependent on ion

#23

Front (Question)

Why do M2+ ions not form a metal hydroxide ppt when they react with NaCO3?

Back (Answer)

too weak and acid to react with the weak base NaCO3

#24

Front (Question)

What equation shows the reaction of NaCO3 and aqueous M2+ ions?

Back (Answer)

[M(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- –> MCO3 + 6H2O