Biology
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Name 3 differences between plant and animal cells
Plants have a cell wall, chloroplasts, large vacuole and rectangular shape
What do plant and animal cells both have
Cell membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm
Where do chemical reactions in cells take place?
Cytoplasm
What contains the genetic information in a cell?
nucleus
How are root hair cells adapted?
large surface area for absorption
How are palisade cells adapted?
Lots of chlorophyll and rectangular shape so no gaps between them
What is diffusion?
Movement of particles from high concentration to low down a concentration gradient
How do substances move in and out of cells?
Diffusion through cell membrane
What is osmosis?
Movement of water from dilute solution to concentrated solution
How does water enter cells?
Osmosis
What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
What happens to the glucose made by photosynthesis?
Used in respiration, transport or stored as starch
Why do we use aquatic plants for photosynthesis experiments?
To see the bubbles given off
What is chlorophyll used for?
Trap sunlight for photosynthesis
What allows gases in and out of a leaf?
Stomata
Why are nitrates taken in through roots?
Make amino acids for growth
Why is magnesium taken in through roots?
To make chlorophyll
What does xylem transport?
Water
What does phloem transport?
Sugar
Describe the pathway of water through a plant from soil to the air
In through root hairs, into root, then into xylem which takes it up through the stem to the leaf and out through stomata
What is transpiration?
Evaporation of water from the xylem into the mesophyll layer
What speeds up transpiration?
Hot day, dry day (less humid) and windy day
What is gravitropism?
Plants growing towards or away from gravity
What is phototropism?
Plants growing towards or away from light