Exam Questions I lost marks on
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describe the purpose and HTML and CSS [4]
HTML defines the structure of the webpage HTML defines the content of the webpage CSS defines the style/ appearence using selectors like classes and IDs can be implemented into the HTML externally of from within
Explain one advantage of client side processing to either the customer or the company [2]
reduces load on the server so company have to spend less on processing power No need to send data to server and wait for a response website will act quicker for the user
describe how this circuit can be modified to add two 4 bit binary numbers (diagram of half adder)[4]
this circuit adds two bits together output 1 is the sum and output 2 is the carry bit two half adders can be combined with an OR gate to form a full adder 4 full adders can be combined carry bit is joined to the next one
compare the efficiency of a binary tree to a linked list when searching through data [2]
binary tree is more efficient dont need to check every value
name two factors that affect a webpages page rank [2]
incoming links links to the webpages from other pages page rank of those other pages
how is the accumulator used when using the command BRP [2]
value in the accumulator is compared to 0 if the number is greater than 0 branch to the jump point if not then then the program is continued
describe what is meant by a uility [2]
any two from utility performs a specific task used to maintain the computer system any valid example
Describe one advantage of storing CSS in a separate file [3]
keeps content and formatting separate saves time ensures consistency can affect the whole page
insert diagram of a many to many ERD suggest why this structure isnt suitable [1]
many to many relationships not allowed in 3NF
define class [2]
a template that defines methods and attributes used to make an object
a program uses a library explain why a linker would have to be used after compilation [3]
user running the program wont necessarily have the library installed on the device so the library must be included in the final executable linker combines the files
Describe why two’s complement may be preferable to sign and magnitude [2] (previous question adding two numbers)
hard to do calculations with sign and magnitude but easy in twos compliment
video game company making their own OS Describe two functions an operating system might be expected to carry out on the console. [4]
manage the peripherals/control hardware like controllers and graphics card provide a user interface for the user to load games act as a platform for the software to run control access have their own accounts and scores and stuff
when checking if files are duplicates Explain two characteristics you would look for in a hashing algorithm for this purpose [4]
hash can be calculated quickly and alot of files need to be hashed to be quicker than a bitwise calculation There is a low chance of collisions reduce the risk of different files being flagged at the same the hash result needs to be maller than the input to speed up comparisons and save memory
name two similarities between Trees and graphs [2]
both use nodes to represent data both use edges to represent connections of data both are dynamic data structures
name two differences between trees and graphs [2]
graphs can have cycles while trees cant have cycles graphs can be bidirectional while tree can only be traversed down graphs can be weighted
describe how you would remove a node from a tree [3]
traverse the tree to find the node being removed add node to empty node list change the parent nodes pointer to point to the nodes child (prioritise left if possible) change the child node’s pointers to the other children or null values
describe adding a new node to a tree [3]
create new node traverse the tree to find its parent node add pointer from parent node to child node set new nodes pointers to null
compare two differences between recursion and iteration [4]
Recursion uses more memory iteration uses less recursion declares new variables at each function call iteration reuses the same variables recursion can run out of memory space iteration cant run out of memory space recursion can express a solution more elegantly (fewer lines of code) iteration uses more lines of code recursion will be self-referential while iteration wont be
explain why a variable might be passed in by reference instead of byvalue [2]
by reference will change the actual contents of the variable while by value creates a copy and edits that (original is left intact) byvalue is local to the function byreference uses less memory
describe one difference differences between get and set methods [2]
get methods allow attributes to be accessed and returns a value set methods allow variabels to changed i know that two but the exam question was describe one and thee were the marks
How does optical storage work
Uses pits and lands to represent 1s and 0s a laser is used to read it
define the term Abstraction [4] image above of a map
idea of separating ideas from reality only using relevant detail representation of reality symbols to show real-life features buildings and trees left out