Atoms and PT

is any subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom

is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

is the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus

is a pure substance in which all atoms present have the same atomic number

are atoms of an element that have the same number of protons and the same number of electrons but different numbers of neutrons

is the calculated average mass for the isotopes of an element, expressed on a scale where 126C serves as the reference point

states that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, elements with similar chemical properties occur in periodic (regularly recurring) intervals

is a tabular arrangement of the elements in order of increasing atomic number such that elements having similar chemical properties are positioned in vertical columns

is a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

is a vertical column of elements in the periodic table

is an element that has the characteristic properties of luster, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and malleability

is an element characterized by the absence of properties of luster, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and malleability

is a region of space about a nucleus that contains electrons that gave approximate the same energy and that spend most of their time approximately the same distance from the nucleus

is a region of space within an electron shell that contains electrons that have the same energy

-Both a number and a letter are used in identifying subshells -The number gives the shell within which the subshell is located, and the letter gives the type of subshell -Ex. Shell number 1 has only one subshell, the 1s -Shell 2 has two subshells, the 2s and 2p -Shell 3 has three subshells, the 3s, 3p, and 3d

is a region of space within an electron subshell where an electron with a specific energy is most likely to be found

-Orbitals have distinct shaped related to the type of subshell which they are found -An s orbital, found in the s subshell, is spherical in shape -p orbitals, found in the p subshell, have shaped similar to the “figure 8”

-Electron subshells are filled in order of increasing energy -However, energies of subshells in different shelf often “overlap” -For example, the 4s subshell has lower energy than the 3d subshell

is a statement of how many electrons an atom has in each of its electron subshells

Groups (columns) of elements have similar chemical properties because of similarities in their electron configuration