P Block 8
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NH3(excess) with Cl2 forms
heating Pb (NO3)2 forms
Cl2 with Hot conc NaOH forms
Conc HNO3 with I2
In the earth’s crust, it occurs as sodium nitrate, NaNO3 (called Chile saltpetre) and potassium nitrate (Indian saltpetre).
Ca9 (PO4 )6 . CaF2 ) which are the main components of phosphate rocks
Arsenic, antimony and bismuth are found mainly as sulphide minerals
The only well characterised Bi (V) compound is BiF5 .
3HNO2 → HNO3 + H2O + 2NO
N–N bond is weaker than the single P–P bond because of high interelectronic repulsion of the non-bonding electrons, owing to the small bond length
As a result the catenation tendency is weaker in nitrogen.
BiH3 is the strongest reducing agent amongst all the hydrides
Their acidic character decreases down the group.
In case of nitrogen, only NF3 is known to be stable.
State will have more polarsing power than in +3 oxidation state. the covalent character of bonds is more in pentahalides.
synthetic radioactive element
Due to high electronegativity and small size of nitrogen
NH3 exhibits hydrogen bonding in solid as well as liquid state.
these impurities can be removed by passing the gas through aqueous sulphuric acid containing potassium dichromate
high pressure would favour the formation of ammonia
Earlier, iron was used as a catalyst with molybdenum as a promoter
In the laboratory, nitric acid is prepared by heating KNO3 or NaNO3 and concentrated H2SO4 in a glass retort.
On a large scale it is prepared mainly by Ostwald’s process.
NO thus formed is recycled and the aqueous HNO3 can be concentrated by distillation upto ~ 68% by mass. Further concentration to 98% can be achieved by dehydration with concentrated H2SO4