Phase Diagrams
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What is a phase diagram?
Graphical way to show the pressures and temperature a at which a substance will exist at either a solid, liquid, or gas (or somewhere in between those phases)
Y axis
pressure
x axis
temperature
lines of equilibrium
the dividing lines between each phase on the graph. They represent where two phases (at a certain temp & pressure) can occur at the same time
critical point
beyond this point liquids and gases are indistinguishable
triple point
the perfect temp and pressure that a substance will exist at equilibrium of all 3 phases
What is unique about the phase diagram for water?
it has a negative solid-liquid line of equilibrium. (buttcrack line points up to top left corner)
Water is unusual because it is ____ as a liquid than as a solid
denser. This is because when water is frozen, it has more space between the molecules. This means that when you take solid water and add pressure it turns into water (instead of a gas, like most compounds)
water at low pressure exists as a?
gas
When you add pressure to a gas or solid of water, they both become?
liquid
Most compounds as a solid are ____ than as a liquid. This is not true for?
denser. This is not true for water. Water is denser as a liquid (this is why ice floats)