Unit 1 test
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Scientific question
question that can be tested by an experiment and results can be measured to provide an answer. Scientific questions are not opinion questions.
Hypothesis
An educated guess or prediction to your scientific question. It is an if then statement.
Independent variable
Factor that is changed by the scientists on purpose to test out an idea; Manipulated.
Dependant variable
the result that is measured by scientists to decide the outcome of the experiment.
Prediciton
Statement based on observations or past knowledge about what will happen in the future.
Inference
Statement based on evidence and observations about what happened, an explanation of why or how.
Density
Amount of mass or matter in an object
Constants/controlled variable
Something in an experiment that you don’t change, on purpose to make sure your results are reliable.
Controlled variable
Something in an experiment that you don’t change, on purpose to make sure your results are reliable.
Controlled experiment
An experiment that only has one independent variable. It is reliable.
Control group vs experimental group
The control group is used for comparison, and the experimental group is the group that is tested to answer a scientific question.
SI units
International System of Units. It is easy to convert because it is based on 10. It is the most common unit of measurement for scientists around the world.
Meniscus
When liquid curves downwards or upwards on the sides of the surface it is in.
Scientific law vs scientific theory
law - usually laws that refer to how nature will behave under certain conditions, frequently written as an equation theory - more overarching explanations of how nature works and why it exhibits certain characteristics
Graph
an organized representation of data
model
A visual representation of a concept that is usually smaller.
standard
a level used for comparison
bias
A motivation that changes something based on opinion unfairly.
Sig Figs
each of the digits of a number that are used to express it to the required degree of accuracy
Precision and accuracy
Precision – the measure of how close a range of data is. Accuracy – the measure of how close a given data point is to the standard data point.
sig fig rules for multiplication and division
The number with the least amount of sig figs determines how many sig figs the answer can have
sig fig addition and subtraction rule
the number with the least amount of sig figs after the decimal point determines how many sig figs are after the decimal point in the answer
zero rules (5)
• Leading zeros are never sig • nonzeros are always sig • middle zeros are always sig • trailing zeros after a decimal point are always significant • trailing zeros with no decimal point after them are never sig