Ch 11 Catabolism: Energy Release & Conservation

Organisms that use light as their energy source

Oxidation of chemical compounds as E source

Reduced inorganic subs as e- source

Reduced organic compounds as e- source

Organisms that use organic molecules as source of C

Organisms that use CO2 as source ( sole or principal) of C

Oxidize inorganic molecules w/ Fe, N or S for energy & e- for biosynthesis & use CO2 for C

Aka photoautotrophs. Extract e- from inorganic molecules but gain E from light. CO2 is C source.

Aka chemoheterotrophs or chemoorganotrophs. Use reduced organic compounds of E, e- and C

Chemoorganoheterotrophs

Organisms that use light for E but organic matter for e- and C

Use inorganic molecules for E and e-. Get C from organic sources.

Reactions that convert E, e-, & C sources ———> ATP, reducing power, & precursor metabolites

Molecules like NADH & NADPH that temp. store e-. Stored e- used in anabolic rxns (CO2 fixation & monomer synthesis)

Intermediates of glycolytic pathways, TCA cycle and others that serve as starting molecules for biosynthetic pathways that gen monomers and other building blocks of macromolecules

2: respiration & fermentation

E yielding process in which E substrate is oxidized using exogenous or externally derived e- acceptor. (NADH or FADH2 donates e- to ETC)

Aerobic respiration and fermentation (aka anaerobic respiration)

O2

NO3- SO4-2 Fe+3

Proton motive force- a type of potential energy created during ETC, used to generate ATP

Acceptor from within the cell, usually an intermediate (eg pyruvate)

Metabolic process in which organic molecules are oxidized w/ O2 as the final e- acceptor. Can completely reduce organic E source to CO2 using glycolytic pathways and TCA.

Formation of pyruvate—> TCA cycle to oxidized pyruvate to CO2 ——> NADH & FADH2 from step 1&2 oxidized by ETC using O2 as final acceptor