Chemistry
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Reactivity Series
Potassium - Sodium - Calcium - Magnesium - Aluminium - Carbon - Zinc - Iron - Lead - Hydrogen - Copper
If reductant is more reactive,
It will reduce
A metal will _ less reactive metal when _ together.
Reduce heated
A metal _ a less reactive metal from _ of its compounds.
Displaces solution
Gereral Formula of Complete Combustion
Fuel + O2 > CO2 + H2O
Fractional Distillation
Refinery Gas - Gasoline(petrol) - Naphtha - Diesel(gas oil) - Bitumen
Bitumen has the lowest _ and the highest m_/b_/v_/
Flammability molecular size boiling point viscosity
Clean Air
78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 2% Ar Noble gases CO2 H2O
Galvanising
Coating with zinc to prevent rusting
Electroplating
Coating with tin to prevent rusting
Sacrificial Protection
Attaching more reactive metal to the side of iron for corroding instead
Rf Value
Distance moved by substance x / Distanced moved by solvent
MASH
Metal + Acid > Salt + Hydrogen
BASH
Base + Acid > Salt + Water
CASCH
Carbonate + Acid > Salt + CO2 + Water
pH Range
1 - 13
Precipitation
Process of making insoluble salt by mixing solutions containg moleules of opposite charge
Group ı
Soft, reactive metals with increaing reactivity as you go down the group
Halogens
Group 7 that forms coloured poisonous gas. Reactivity decreases, boiling point&density increases and colour gets steeper as you go down the group
If halide is added to less reactive halogen solution
It will displace halogen
Transition Elements
The middle block of elements, collection of metals having high densities and melting points forming coloured compounds. They often act as catalysts