Chemistry
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Covalent
Nonmetal atoms - sharing of atoms
Ionic
Electrons transferred between atoms.
Cations
Positively charged ions
Anions
Negatively shared ions
Compound names for ionic
Combined cation and anion names - always remember to consider charges as the compound must be neutral
Compound names for Covalent
First element keeps name second element ending changes to ide.
HCL
hydrochloric acid
H2SO4
Sulfuric Acid
HNO3
Nitric Acid
CH3COOH
Acetic Acid
NAOH
Sodium Hydroxide
KOH
Potassium Hydroxide
Ba(OH)2
Barium Hydroxide
Ca(OH)2
Calcium Hydroxide
What does litmus paper turning blue indicate?
Base/Alkaline
What does litmus paper turning red indicate?
Acid
Alkanes
Only single carbon bonds - CnH(2n+2)
Alkenes
1 or more double bonds C(n)H(2n)
Alkynes
1 or more triple bonds C(n)H(2n -2)
Monomers
Chemically bonded molecules that form a polymer in a long chain
Polymers
A long chain of monomers
Law of Conservation of mass
In a closed system, mass is neither created nor destroyed, but it can be rearranged or transformed
How does Law of Conservation of Mass relate to rearrangement of atoms?
In a chemical reaction, atoms rearrange and form new bonds, but they do not disappear, instead forming new substances. THis relates to the law of conservation of mass as it states that energy can not be created or destroyed, meaning that the reactant mass must equal the mass of the products.
Difference between Aqueous and Liquid?
A - a substance is dissolved in water L - pure substance in melted state