Acids and bases
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What is a bronsted acid?
Proton donor
What is a bronsted base?
Proton acceptor
What is used to measure the strength of acids?
pKa scale
Why is the value of water ignored in the equilibrum constant equation?
It is large and constant (55.56 moldm-3)
What equation dictates the strength of acid and why?
HA + H2O A- + H3O+ Energy of products and reactants are looked at and compared to determine if the reaction is favourable
What happens to pKa when the HA becomes a stronger acid?
Becomes lower
What does the pKa of the acid depend on?
The stability of the conjugate base
The more stable A- is…
The easier the deprotonation and the lower the pKa
The stronger the base A-…
The weaker the conjugate acid HA
The stronger the acid HA…
The weather the conjugate base A-
What is the pKa of HI?
-10
What is the pKa of HCl?
-7
What is the pKa of H2SO4?
-3
What is the conjugate base of H2SO4?
HSO4-
What is the pKa of H3O+?
-2
What is the conjugate base of H3O+?
H2O
What is the pKa of HSO4-?
2
What is the conjugate base of HSO4-?
SO4 2-
What is the pKa of a carboxylic acid?
5
What is the pKa of H2S?
7
What is the pKa of NH4+?
9
What is the conjugate base of NH4+?
NH3
What is the pKa of a phenol?
10
What is the pKa of an alcohol?
15