Organic Basics (11)

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

What is the main element in organic chemistry?

Back (Answer)

Carbon

Front (Question)

What is a hydrocarbon chain?

Back (Answer)

A compound that contains carbons and hydrogens only

Front (Question)

Saturated hydrocarbon

Back (Answer)

A hydrocarbon chain that only has single bonds

Front (Question)

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

Back (Answer)

A hydrocarbon chain with carbon-carbon multiple bonds like double bonds for example. This means these bonds can be broken and other hydrogens can be added.

Front (Question)

What is a homologous series?

Back (Answer)

A homologous series is a family of compounds that all have the same functional group, general formula and each successive member differs by -CH2. An example is alkenes.

Front (Question)

What is a functional group?

Back (Answer)

A functional group is a part of an organic molecule that is responsible for its chemical properties e.g. -OH group on alcohols

Front (Question)

Aliphatic hydrocarbon

Back (Answer)

Straight or branched hydrocarbon chain

Front (Question)

Aromatic hydrocarbon

Back (Answer)

Contains a benzene ring

Front (Question)

Alicyclic hydrocarbon

Back (Answer)

Contains a non-aromatic ring

#10

Front (Question)

Alkyl groups

Back (Answer)

Fragments of molecules e.g. CH3

#11

Front (Question)

General formula

Back (Answer)

An algebraic formula that describes a homologous series

#12

Front (Question)

Empirical formula

Back (Answer)

The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of an element in a compound

#13

Front (Question)

Molecular formula

Back (Answer)

The actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

#14

Front (Question)

Structural formula

Back (Answer)

Shows arrangements of each carbon e.g. CH3CH2CH3

#15

Front (Question)

Skeletal formula

Back (Answer)

Shows functional groups only and a hydrocarbon skeleton

#16

Front (Question)

Displayed formula

Back (Answer)

Shows how all atoms are arranged

#17

Front (Question)

What is the functional group and suffix of alkanes?

Back (Answer)

C-C ends in -ane

#18

Front (Question)

What is the functional group and suffix of alkenes?

Back (Answer)

C=C ends in -ene

#19

Front (Question)

What is the functional group and prefix of haloalkanes?

Back (Answer)

C-X where X is halogen, starts in halogen name e.g. chloro-

#20

Front (Question)

What is the functional group and suffix of alcohols?

Back (Answer)

C-OH ends in -ol

#21

Front (Question)

What is the functional group and suffix of aldehydes?

Back (Answer)

R-C=O ends in -al H

#22

Front (Question)

What is the functional group and suffix of ketones?

Back (Answer)

R-C=O ends in -one R

#23

Front (Question)

What is the functional group and suffix of carboxylic acids?

Back (Answer)

R-C=O ends in -oic acid OH

#24

Front (Question)

What is the functional group and suffix of esters?

Back (Answer)

R-C=O R starts in alkyl- or ends in -anoate O