organics 4.5

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

what’s the composition of crude oil?

Back (Answer)

mixture of hydrocarbons H & C

Front (Question)

crude oil, hydrocarbons:

Back (Answer)

different hydrocarbons have a huge variety of shapes and sizes results in boiling over very large range most of them are useful, but used for very different purposes therefore we need to separate the oil into fractions

Front (Question)

as the boiling point of crude oils increases…

Back (Answer)

• the fractions get darker in colour • fractions get more viscous

Front (Question)

what’s the use and position of refinery gases?

Back (Answer)

1 - lowest , light colour and low viscosity fuel for home cooking

Front (Question)

what’s the use and position of gasoline?

Back (Answer)

2 fuel for cars

Front (Question)

what’s the use and position of kerosene?

Back (Answer)

3 fuel for aircraft

Front (Question)

what’s the use and position of diesel?

Back (Answer)

4 fuel for trains

Front (Question)

what’s the use and position of fuel oil?

Back (Answer)

5 fuel for ships

Front (Question)

what’s the use and position of bitumen?

Back (Answer)

6 - highest/ last making roads

#10

Front (Question)

what part is the hottest and coldest part of the fractional distillation?

Back (Answer)

hotter at bottom colder at top

#11

Front (Question)

how does fractional distillation work?

Back (Answer)

• heated crude oil vapours enter the column • vapours rise until they reach their boiling point where they condense • different vapours condense at different heights due to their different boiling points • similar vapours condense together as a fraction

#12

Front (Question)

what is the order of fraction from low BP to high BP?

Back (Answer)

refinery gases gasoline kerosene diesel fuel oil bitumen

#13

Front (Question)

what are alkanes?

Back (Answer)

hydrocarbons made of molecules C & H held together by covalent bonds

#14

Front (Question)

what is the general formula for alkanes?

Back (Answer)

C(n)H(2n+2)

#15

Front (Question)

what is the formula for methane?

Back (Answer)

CH4

#16

Front (Question)

what is the formula for ethane?

Back (Answer)

C2H6

#17

Front (Question)

what is the formula for propane?

Back (Answer)

C3H8

#18

Front (Question)

what is the formula for butane?

Back (Answer)

C4H10

#19

Front (Question)

what is the formula for pentane?

Back (Answer)

C5H12

#20

Front (Question)

what’s the structural formula for butane?

Back (Answer)

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3

#21

Front (Question)

what’s the empirical formula for butane?

Back (Answer)

C2H5

#22

Front (Question)

alkanes are a …

Back (Answer)

homologous series of organic molecules

#23

Front (Question)

why are alkanes a homologous series?

Back (Answer)

as they have similar chemical reactions, trends in physical properties, same general formula

#24

Front (Question)

what are isomerism with alkanes?

Back (Answer)

isomers are the same molecular formula just different structural formula