Chapter 6: Equilibrium
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State Le Chatelier’s Principle.
When a change is made to a system in equilibrium, the equilibrium position shifts to oppose the change.
Features of a dynamic equilibrium:
(Closed system) The rates of the forward and back reactions are equal The concentrations of reactants ad products do not change.
Write a Kc expression for A + 2B = C + D
Kc = [C][D] / [A][B]2 Units are MxM / MxM2 which simplifies to M-1, or mol-1dm3
Effect of decreasing temperature on an endothermic equilibrium
Kc will go down and equilibrium shifts left Reverse reaction is exothermic; reducing temperature favours exothermic direction as this opposes the change made by cooling the system
Effect of increasing temperature on endothermic equilibrium
Kc will go up and equilibrium shifts right Forward reaction is endothermic; increasing temperature favours endothermic direction as this opposes the change made by heating the system