Science (4th) Ch. 6 Lesson 1 - Saving Earth's Resources (vocab & notes)
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a natural, nonliving, solid material found in rock
mineral
a rock that forms when melted rock cools and hardens
igneous rock
a rock that forms when small bits of matter are pressed together in layers
sedimentary rock
the age of one thing as compared to another
relative age
rock formed from another kind of rock under heat and pressure
metamorphic rock
the process in which rocks continuously change from one type to another
rock cycle
a material or object that has useful properties
resource
Characteristics that describe something.
properties
Some properties of minerals are color, __________, ____________ and streak.
hardness luster
__________ Hardness scale starts with the __________ mineral. (A) softest (B) hardest
softest
What is the softest mineral?
talc
What is talc’s number on the hardness scale?
1
Which mineral is the easiest to scratch?
talc
What is the hardest mineral?
diamond
What is a diamond’s number on the hardness scale?
10
What mineral can scratch all other minerals?
diamond
What refers to the way light bounces off the surface of a mineral?
luster
Luster refers to the way light bounces off the surface of a mineral or how much it ________.
shines
__________ is the color of a powder left behind when a mineral is scratched.
streak
True or False A streak is always the same color of the mineral itself.
False
What kind of rock are you more likely to find a fossil in?
sedimentary rock
Why are you more likely to find a fossil in sedimentary rock?
Because fossils form in the many layers of sediment. Heat and pressure destroy remains of past organisms that form fossils.
You are more likely to find a fossil in sedimentary rock because fossils form in the many layers of sediment. __________ & ___________ destroy remains of past organisms that form fossils.
heat pressure
The ____________ layers of sandstone rock are at the _____________ of the rock.
oldest bottom