Digestion Part 2

Muscular & Thick Lining Hydrochloric Acid (Stress)

Larger than other species Two Regions (Glandular & Non Glandular/Sqamous) which are divided by the margo placatus Ulcers (Stress) Larger abomasum?

Food out of rumen into a sick animal

Hormone that causes release of digestive enzymes Released in response to stimuli (stomach dissension, presence of partially digested proteins especially amino acids, hypercalcemia) Inhibited by presence of acid in stomach HCI Somatostatin

Activates Pepsin Constitutes the majority of gastric acid Secreted by parietal cells (block) Dissolve everything in the stomach Activate Pepinogen

Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme that begins protein digestion Released by the chief cells Degrades food proteins into peptides

Natural complex of enzymes produced in any mammalian stomach to digest the mother’s milk Kidney Brown Adipose Tissue(Make heat/warm) Mitochondria

Duodenum Jejunum Ileum

Receives Secretions from Pancreas and Brunner’s Gland * secrets majority of digestive juices with hormonal secretion

Enzymes

• active site of nutrient absorption (Amino acids, sugar molecules, fatty acids, glycerol) Vili- increase absorption area (pulpili in rumen)

Active site of nutrient absorption (As much absorbed as it can)

Bile salts (emulsify fats, activate lipase) Cholesterol * bile salts emulsify fats and neutralize acidic chyme are stored in the gall bladder (goes to be clean ) Vitamin A liver ?

• Three sections Cecum, Colon, Rectum *Microbial digestion~ VFA, MCP • Absorption of water • Synthesis of B Vitamins

• 60 % of GIT (cecum, large colon, small colon, rectum) *Cecum (Bacterial Function / breakdown ) synthesis of water soluble vitamins and vitamin K proteins considered of limited value to horse

Coffin Rotates

Twisted Gut

Killing/Damage of Lining drop from 6.8-4.8