Biological Molecules - Proteins.
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what are all proteins made up of
amino acids.
draw the structure of an amino acid.
it should include the following - to a central carbon group - - a variable group - R - a carboxylic group - COOH - an amino group - NH2 - a hydrogen atom - H
what chains are formed when multiple amino acids bond together
polypeptide chains.
what bonds are formed when amino acids bond. draw it on paper
Peptide bonds
how many levels of structures do proteins have. name them.
4 levels - primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary.
describe the primary structure level of proteins
shows the basic amino acid sequence bonded by peptie bonds.
describe the secondary structure of proteins
shows the folding of the polypeptide chain. - foldings held by alpha helices or beta pleated sheets. - with hydrogen bonds between them.
describe the tertiary structure of proteins
shows further folding into a more complex shapes - here more bonds are formed including - hydrogen bonds, di-sulfide bridges, inionic interactions and hydropobic interactions.
where are di-sulfide bridges formed
between sulphur atoms on 2 cysteine amino acids.
describe the quaternary structure of proteins
2 or more chains interacting with each other to form. structural - fibrous globular - metabolic