Structure, Bonding & Properties of Matter

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

How are ions made?

Back (Answer)

Made when electrons are transferred

Front (Question)

What are ions?

Back (Answer)

Charged particles

Front (Question)

When atoms lose or gain electrons to form ions, what are they trying to do?

Back (Answer)

To get a full outer shell (stable electronic structure)

Front (Question)

When metals form ions, what happens to their electrons and what type of ions do they form?

Back (Answer)

They lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions

Front (Question)

When non-metals form ions, what happens to their electrons and what type of ions do they form?

Back (Answer)

They gain electrons into their outer shell to form negative ions

Front (Question)

What does the charge on the ion represent?

Back (Answer)

Number of electrons lost or gained

Front (Question)

Explain ionic bonding

Back (Answer)

• Non-metal gains electrons = negatively charged ion • Metal atom loses electrons = positively charged ion • Opposite charged ions are strongly attracted to one another by electrostatic forces

Front (Question)

What the structure of an ionic compounds called?

Back (Answer)

Giant ionic lattice

Front (Question)

How ions arranged in a giant ionic lattice? (forces?)

Back (Answer)

They’re closely packed with very strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions - in all directions

#10

Front (Question)

Name 3 properties of ionic compounds

Back (Answer)

• High melting points • High boiling points • Dissolve easily in water

#11

Front (Question)

When ionic compounds melt, what can they do and why?

Back (Answer)

Carry electric current bc ions are free to move

#12

Front (Question)

Why do ionic compounds have high melting/boiling points?

Back (Answer)

Due to MANY strong bonds between ions = takes a lot energy to overcome this attraction (electrostatic forces)

#13

Front (Question)

Draw the structure of sodium chloride

Back (Answer)

See mind map

#14

Front (Question)

What is covalent bonding?

Back (Answer)

When non-metals bond together: share a pair of electrons to make covalent bonds

#15

Front (Question)

Why are covalent bonds very strong?

Back (Answer)

Positively charged nuclei of bonded atoms are attracted to the shared pair of electrons by electrostatic forces

#16

Front (Question)

Atoms only share electrons in their…

Back (Answer)

outer shells (highest energy levels)

#17

Front (Question)

What does each covalent bond provide for each atom?

Back (Answer)

1 extra shared electron

#18

Front (Question)

Atom involved generally makes enough covalent bonds…

Back (Answer)

to fill up its outer shell

#19

Front (Question)

Draw the covalent bonds for water

Back (Answer)

See mind map

#20

Front (Question)

Draw the covalent bonds for water in this form Cl-Cl

Back (Answer)

See mind map

#21

Front (Question)

Draw the covalent bonds for ammonia

Back (Answer)

See mind map

#22

Front (Question)

Draw the covalent bonds for ammonia in this form Cl-Cl

Back (Answer)

See mind map

#23

Front (Question)

Draw the covalent bonds for hydrogen

Back (Answer)

See mind map

#24

Front (Question)

Draw the covalent bonds for hydrogen in this form Cl-Cl

Back (Answer)

See mind map