Ch.6 Shapes Of Molecules And Intermolecular Forces
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1 bonding pair
Linear X-X
2 bonding pairs
Linear 180 X-•-X
3 bonding pairs
Trigonal planar 120
4 bonding pairs
Tetrahedral 109.5
3 bonding pairs 1 lone pair
Pyramidal 107
2 bonding pairs 2 lone pairs
Non-linear 104.5
5 bonding pairs
Trigonal bipyramidal 120, 90
6 bonding pairs
Octahedral 90
What are intermolecular forces?
Weak interactions between dipoles of different molecules
Explain London forces
Movement of electrons produce changing dipoles Resulting in instant instantaneous dipoles The instant instantaneous dipole induces a dipole on a neighbouring molecule The induced dipper induces further dips on neighbouring molecules which then attract one another.
Explain a simple molecular lattice
Molecules are held in place by weak intermolecular forces The atoms within each molecule are bonded together strongly by covalent bonds
What are non-polar simple molecular substances soluble in
Nonpolar solvent
Explain electrical conductivity in simple molecular substances
No mobile charged particles to move so nothing to complete an electrical circuit