Chapter 1-3
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He looked at thin pieces of cork under his microscope and saw tiny structures that looked like small rooms. He called these structures “cells.”
Robert Hooke (1665)
He used his microscope to find even smaller things, which he called “animalcules.” These were the first observations of very tiny, single-celled organisms, like bacteria.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
They came up with two important ideas about cells: A. “All living things are made of one or more cells.” This means that every plant, animal, and other living things are composed of cells. B. “The cell is the basic building block of life.” This means that cells are like the smallest bricks that make up all living things.
Matthias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann
He added another idea to the cell theory: A. “Cells can only come from other existing cells.” This means that new cells are created through a process of division from already existing cells, like a parent cell dividing to make new cells, just as a plant can grow from a seed.
Rudolf Virchow
• Energy flow occurs within cells • Hereditary Information (DNA) is passed on from one cell to another cell • All cells have the same basic chemical composition.
Modern Cell Theory
All____have the same basic chemical composition.
cells
Energy flow occurs _______ cells
within
It is passed on from one cell to another cell
Hereditary information (DNA)
What did Anton van Leeuwenhoek observe using his microscope, making the first observations of very tiny, single-celled organisms?
Bacteria
Who was Henrietta Lacks, and why is she significant in the history of cell theory?
A patient whose cancer cells were used for the first human cell culture
What does LUCA stands for?
Last Universal Common Ancestor
What is DNA’s role in cell theory, according to the principles of modern cell theory?
DNA provides instructions for building and running living things
Cells possess a genetic program that is encoded in a collection of genes. What is the material that genes are constructed of?
DNA
How do cells reproduce?
Binary fission
What is the primary energy storage molecule in cells?
ATP
Which process converts light energy into chemical energy in plants?
Photosynthesis
What is the role of enzymes in cellular chemical reactions?
Enzymes increase the rate at which chemical reactions occur.
What term represents the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell?
Metabolism
Complex cell structures have a ______ number of parts that must be in their ________.
greater, proper place
It can be isolated from an organism and cultured in the laboratory where they will grow and reproduce for extended periods of time.
Whole cells
Considered as basic properties of life, only living entity faces this aspect
Death
reproduce by division,a process in which the contents of a_________ cell are distributed into two “_______“cells
mother, daugther
The genetic material is faithfully duplicated, and each daughter cell receives a complete and equal share of __________
genetic information
Light energy is converted by photosynthesis into chemical energy that is stored in energy- rich carbohydrates, such as _________
sucrose or starch.