topic 1
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biodiversity
variety and variability of all living organisms within a given ecological area
biotic
living components in the environment
abiotic
non-living physical factors that affect an organism’s ability to survive
adaptation
a feature of an organism that enhances its ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
ecosystem
biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment
genetic diversity
variation of genetic types within a species
species diversity
number of different species
ecosystem diversity
variety of different types of habitats or ecosystems
species richness
number of different species present in an area
species evenness
relative abundance of the different species in an area
percentage cover
the kind of plants in a particular habitat and how many of there are of each species
percentage frequency
(# of quadrats in which the species is found/total # of quadrats) x 100
spatial scale
size of the ecosystem being considered
temporal scale
ecosystem over a particular time frame
predation
one species kills and eats another
competition
two or more species compete for the same resources
symbiosis
long-term biological interaction between species
disease
pathogenic condition of a host that is sometimes caused by a pathogen or parasite
interspecific competition
competition between individuals of difference species for resources
intraspecific competition
intense competition for the same resources
abiotic factors
climate, substrate, size/depth of area
climate
precipitation, temperature, wind direction or speed, cloud cover, sunshine
soil structure
thickness, structure and porosity, pH, nutrient content, salinity
aquatic
light level, depth, turbidity, salinity, oxygenation, temperature, water flow, pH