Chapter B3 Organisation And The Digestive System
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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What is a tissue?
A group of cells with similar structure and function working together
What is an example of human body tissue?
Epithelial tissue- covers outside of your body and your organs Glandular tissue- contains secretory cells that can release and produce substances such as hormones and enzymes
What is an organ?
A collection of tissues, working together to form a specific function
Give an example of an organ?
Stomach Pancreas
What is an organ system?
A group of organs working together to perform a specific function
Name an organ system in the human body
Digestive system Circulatory system Gas exchange system
What is an organism made up of?
A multicellular organism is made from groups of organ systems
What are the main organs where food is digested?
Stomach and small intestine
What are carbohydrates broken down by?
Carboghydrases like amylase
Where is amylase found?
The salivary glands and the pancreatic fluid
What is a lipid molecule?
Consists of glycerol attaches to three molecules of fatty acid
What is a lipid digested by?
Liphase
What helps to speed up the digestion of lipids?
Bile- it is an alkaline which allowes it to neutralise the stomach acid, creating alkaline in the small intestine
Where is bile stored and made?
Gall bladder
Why do humans have a digestive system?
To break our food molecules down so that it can be absorbed
What are proteins broken down by?
Proteases such as pepsin
What are carbohydrates made up of and what is an example of a carbohydrate?
Carbohydrates are made up of simple sugars Example is bread, potatoes, pasta and rice
What are lipids made up of and give an example of a lipid?
Lipids are made up of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids Example is rich food such as olive oil, butter, margarine and cheese.
What are proteins made up of and what is an example of a protein?
Proteins are made up of amino acids An example is chicken or fish
What do carbohydrates do?
Provide us with sustainable energy that is long lasting
What do lipids do?
Source of energy and an important energy store- important for cell membranes and nervous system
What do proteins do?
Used to build up cells and tissues of your body, and are also the basis of your enzymes. They act as antibodies, hormones like insulin, and enzymes
Basic process of digestion for lipids?
Mouth - teeth chew Tongue- rolls food into a ball Oesophagus- pushes food to stomach by peristalsis Stomach- produces HCL which kills bacteria on food and creates acidic environment for enzymes to work Small intestine- liquid bile is produced which emulsifies the fat. This neutralises the stomach acid. Pancreatic lipase are also present. Large intestine- excess water is removed and taken to blood stream Anus- undigested food exits by excretion
What does emulsifies mean?
Breaks up the fat into smaller droplets