Diffusion
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Define diffusion
the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration down a concentration gradient
Define Brownian motion
Particles are always in motion duw to Brownian motion
What is the cause of Brownian motion?
Particles are always in motion, and due to the constant collisions this causes eventually they will all be evenly distributed
Does diffusion recquire energy?
No, it is a passive process
When will diffusion always occur?
When there is a difference in concentration
Why does diffusion occur?
to reach an equilibrium
What is facilitated diffusion?
diffusion with the use of carrier proteins to take particles through the cell membrane
Does facilitated diffusion require energy?
No, it is a passive process
What is osmosis?
the diffusion of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
what is a solution?
the result of a substance being dissolved in water
a weak solution has a _____ concentration of water
high
a strong solution has a _____ concentration of water
low
What is a solute?
the substance that is dissolved eg- sugar
What is a solvent?
the substance that does the dissolving eg- water
When will osmosis occur?
in cells placed in either weak or strong solutions
water will move from an area of ____ solute concentration to an area of ____ solute concentration
low, high
What is a hypotonic solution?
a solution with a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside
What is a hypertonic solution?
a solution with a higher concentration of solutes inside the cell than outside
What is an Isotonic solution?
A solution with an equal concentration of solutes inside and outside of the cell
What is active transport?
the movement of particles form an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration (against the concentration gradient)
Why does active transport occur?
to obtain extra important materials for the cell
Does active transport require energy?
Yes, it needs ATP
What is bulk transport?
the movement of macromolecules into or outside of the cell
What is endocytosis?
the incorporation of substances from outside the cell into the cell, in a membrane-bound vacuole