Definitions
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Atomic Mass
The number of protons (in the nucleus) of an atom
Mass Number
The total number of protons and neutrons (in the nucleus) of an atom
Isotopes
Atoms with the same atomic number but with varying mass numbers.
Relative Atomic Mass (Ar)
How heavy an atom is when compared to the mass of an atom of Carbon-12
Relative Abundance (Higher)
How much of each isotope compared to the total amount of element in the world.
Element
Contains atoms with the same atomic number.
Compound
Contains two or more elements, that are chemically bonded together.
Mixture
Contains two or more different substance that are not chemically bonded
Ion
Charged particle
Mole
A unit for an amount of substance
Molar Mass
The mass of one mole of a substance measured in grams.
Solubility
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent
Solution
Is a mixture of a solute and a solvent that does not separate out
Solute
A substance being dissolved in the solvent
Solvent
A substance that the solute is dissolved into
Saturated Solution
A solution where the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved into the solution
Exothermic Reaction
An exothermic reaction is one which gives out energy to the surroundings, usually in the form of heat and shown with a rise in temperature of the surroundings.
Endothermic Reaction
An endothermic reaction is one which takes energy from the surroundings, usually in the form of heat and usually shown by a fall in temperature of the surroundings.
Enthalpy Change
The overall change in energy in a reaction is the Enthalpy change.
Reversible Reaction
A reversible reaction is one where the products of the reaction can react with each other and convert back into the original reactant.
Homologous Series
A group of compounds that can all be represented by the same general formula.
Functional Group
A group of atoms that determine how a compound typically reacts.