3.3 Halogenoalkanes

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

General formula of halogenoalkanes

Back (Answer)

CₙH₂ₙX (X = F,Cl, Br, I)

Front (Question)

Functional group of halogeoalkanes

Back (Answer)

C-X

Front (Question)

Why are halogenoalkanes more reactive than alkanes?

Back (Answer)

They have a polar bond

Front (Question)

Uses of halogenoalkanes

Back (Answer)

• Refrigerants • Solvents • Pharmaceuticals

Front (Question)

What order are halogens named in a halogenoalkane

Back (Answer)

Alphabetical order

Front (Question)

Nucleophile

Back (Answer)

An electron pair donator

Front (Question)

Why do halogenoalkanes have nucleophilic substitution reactions?

Back (Answer)

They have a polar carbon-halogen bond

Front (Question)

What happens in a nucleophilic substitution reaction?

Back (Answer)

• Nucleophile donates electron pair to the δ+C atom • This forms a new colvalent bond • The C-X bond breaks • Halide ion is formed

Front (Question)

Product of the reaction between halogenoalkanes and aqueous hydroxides

Back (Answer)

Alcohols

#10

Front (Question)

What type of reaction is halogenoalkane + aqueous hydroxide?

Back (Answer)

Hydrolysis (the mechanism is nucleophilic substitution)

#11

Front (Question)

Conditions for hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes with aqueous hydroxides

Back (Answer)

• Warm • Aqueous

#12

Front (Question)

Reagent for hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes with aqueous hydroxides

Back (Answer)

NaOH / KOH

#13

Front (Question)

General equation for hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes

Back (Answer)

RX + NaOH → ROH + NaX R - hydrocarbon chain X - halogen

#14

Front (Question)

Ethanolic

Back (Answer)

Solution in ethanol

#15

Front (Question)

Product of the reaction between halogenoalkanes and potassium cyanide

Back (Answer)

Nitriles

#16

Front (Question)

Conditions for the reaction between halogenoalkanes and potassium cyanide

Back (Answer)

• Warm • Ethanolic

#17

Front (Question)

Nitrile group

Back (Answer)

C≡N

#18

Front (Question)

General equation for the reaction between halogenoalkanes and potassium cyanide

Back (Answer)

RX + KCN → RCN + KX R - hydrocarbon chain X - halogen

#19

Front (Question)

What effect does reacting halogenoalkanes with cyanide have on the carbon chain?

Back (Answer)

Increases the chain length

#20

Front (Question)

Mechanism for halogenoalkane + potassium cyanide

Back (Answer)

Nucleophilic substitution

#21

Front (Question)

Mechanism for halogenoalkane + ammonia

Back (Answer)

Nucleophilic substitution

#22

Front (Question)

Halogenoalkanes are reacted with ______ ammonia to form ______

Back (Answer)

Excess, amines

#23

Front (Question)

Reagent for forming amines from halogenoalkanes

Back (Answer)

Excess ammonia

#24

Front (Question)

Conditions for nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkanes + ammonia

Back (Answer)

• Warm • Sealed tube • Ethanolic