Final Vocabulary

the study of the geographical distributions of plants and animals in relation to their evolutionary history

is a scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of Earth’s subterranean movements.

to say that something is native to an area. If kane toads originated in your area, then they’re an autochthonous species. -they evolved in situ (in place) there from a unique assemblage of ancestors

Anagenesis involves evolution within a single lineage. Cladogenesis, on the other hand, involves evolution in a branching pattern, with many new species evolving from a single parent species.

a process in which a section of the earth’s crust is folded and deformed by lateral compression to form a mountain range

is one where an organism crosses a vast area of inhospitable habitat or some other barrier by rare chance events, to colonize a distant location. organisms capable of this include animals that can fly, seeds that can float, etc. areas that require this may have disharmonic biotas (plants and animals whose colonizing ancestors were good dispersers)

Geographical area where a species is believed to have evolved through natural selection from ancestors. -where groups originate

reject the scientific fact that the Earth is ancient (4.5 Billion Years) and has experienced many geological and biological changes through its history. Believe the earth is 6,000 years old and assume that creation of all life came at the same time as the Earth and that majority consisted contemporarily (e.g. dinosaurs and humans). Believe creation of different life forms came after the great flood, which also explains structures found in the grand canyon.

A trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock.

evolutionary history can be observed in the bodies of organisms.

A DNA segment very similar to a real gene but which does not yield a functional product; a gene that has become inactivated in a particular species because of mutation by may be operative in their close relative (dead genes

Evolutionary history of a species or group of species.

(about 3% of the genome) regulate the when, where, and how much of the gene is expressed.

two or more genes derived from the same ancestral gene

characters in different organisms that are similar because they were inherited from a common ancestor that also had that character Ex: An example of __________ __________ is the four limbs of tetrapods. Birds, bats, mice, and crocodiles all have four limbs.

This mutation causes the duplication of a short stretch of DNA creating an additional copy of a gene on a chromosomal segment.

processes today that are affecting organisms. -interactions between organisms and their physical and biotic environment

boundaries between major biogeographical regions

a strip of land that connects two larger landmasses, enabling migration of plants and animals to new areas

New species branches out from parent species

a discrepancy ( lack of similarity) of species populations representation in disjunct areas.

by chance

are dispersal routes from centers of origin

Earth is old like science says but was created by a superior being but evolution took place to what we see today