PATIENT PREPARATION
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Transient increase in Exercise
Lactate Fatty Acid Ammonia
Long-term Increased in Exercise
Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK) AST LD Aldolase Skeletal muscle enzymes
Increased hormones in Exercise
Prolactin Growth Hormone
Decreased hormones in Exercise
FSH LH Estrogen Testosterone
What can also be observed after exercise?
Proteinuria > Elevated levels of proteins in urine
Vigorous hand exercise (Fist clenching) INCREASES
Potassium Lactate Phosphate PLP
Vigorous hand exercise (Fist clenching) INCREASES
Potassium Lactate Phosphate PLP
Fasting requirement
8-12 hours
Fasting specimen:
FBS GTT Lipids Lipoproteins Gastrin Insulin
Fasting for 48 hours increases
Serum Bilirubin
Fasting for 72 hours increases
Plasma TAG in males
Fasting for 72 hours decreases
Glucose in healthy women to 45 mg/dL
Basal state collection
Glucose Lipids Lipoproteins Electrolytes
High protein diet increases:
Plasma Urea Uric Acid
Atkins diet (high protein, low carb) increases:
Plasma Urea Urine Ketones
Caffeine increases ___ through the release of cathecolamines (epinephrine & norepinephrine)
Glucose
Increased in Obese person:
Glucose Cortisol TAG LD
Preferred position during phlebotomy
Upright position Supine (Lying)
Patient should be seated/supine for at least _____ to prevent hemoconcentration or hemodilution
15 to 20 minutes
Supine to Sitting/ Standing increases:
ECA Enzymes Calcium Albumin Vasoconstriction –> Reduced plasma volume
Sitting to Supine increases:
PBLIC Protein BUN Lipids Iron Calcium Hemoconcentration
Standing to Supine decreases:
TLC Triglycerides Lipoprotein Cholesterol Hemodilution
Prolonged standing increases
Potassium due to release of K from muscles
Prolonged standing increases
Potassium due to release of K from muscles