Carboxylic Acids + Derivatives

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

What is a carboxylic acid and it’s functional group ?

Back (Answer)

-COOH (C=O and C-OH)

Front (Question)

How do you name carboxylic acids ?

Back (Answer)

Carbon chain length -oic acid.

Front (Question)

Are carboxylic acids soluble in water ?

Back (Answer)

• Yes, acid group forms hydrogen bonds with water • Carbon chain length affects solubility

Front (Question)

What intermolecular forces are there in carboxylic acids ?

Back (Answer)

Hydrogen bonds and van ver waals

Front (Question)

What are esters (functional group), what are they formed from ?

Back (Answer)

• They are formed from carboxylic acids and alcohols • RCOOR (C=O C-O-C)

Front (Question)

Write an equation for the reaction of ethanoic acid and propan-1-ol

Back (Answer)

CH3COOH + CH3CH2CH2OH -> CH3COOCH2CH2CH3 + H2O

Front (Question)

How do you name esters ?

Back (Answer)

• Start with the group that replaced the H, then acid suffix • Eg, propanol + ethanoic acid = propylethanoate

Front (Question)

What characteristic physical properties do esters have ?

Back (Answer)

Volatile, fruity smells

Front (Question)

What are the uses of esters ?

Back (Answer)

Flavourings, perfumes (long chain) Solvents, plasticisers (short chain)

#10

Front (Question)

What are some common natural esters ?

Back (Answer)

Fats and oils

#11

Front (Question)

How are carboxylic acids polarised ?

Back (Answer)

C d+ Both O d-

#12

Front (Question)

Write an equilibrium formed by ethanoic acid in solution ?

Back (Answer)

CH3COOH -> CH3COO- + H+

#13

Front (Question)

What happens to the negative charge in an ethanoate ion in terms of electrons ?

Back (Answer)

Electrons become delocalised and are shared across the whole group

#14

Front (Question)

How would you distinguish carboxylic acids from other OH containing compounds ?

Back (Answer)

Add NaHCO3, acids will produce sodium salt, water and CO2

#15

Front (Question)

Write an equation for the reaction of ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide

Back (Answer)

CH3COOH + NaOH -> CH3COONa + H2O

#16

Front (Question)

Write an equation for the reaction of ethanoic acid and NaCO3

Back (Answer)

2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 -> 2CH3COONa + H2O + CO2

#17

Front (Question)

What catalyst is needed for the formation of esters from alcohols and carboxylic acids ?

Back (Answer)

Concentrated strong acid eg H2SO4

#18

Front (Question)

What catalyst is needed for the hydrolysis of esters ?

Back (Answer)

Dilute strong acid eg H2SO4

#19

Front (Question)

What is an alternative method of hydrolysis of esters ?

Back (Answer)

Base hydrolysis

#20

Front (Question)

What are the advantages of base hydrolysis of esters ?

Back (Answer)

Reaction goes to completion due to neutralisation by base - more product in the mixture catalysed by hydrolysis

#21

Front (Question)

Which alcohols forms the esters that make up animal and vegetable oils ?

Back (Answer)

Glycerol / propan-1,2,3-triol

#22

Front (Question)

What is the difference between oil and fat ?

Back (Answer)

Oils are liquid at room temperature fats are solids Fats are usually saturated

#23

Front (Question)

What are the products of producing fats and oils ?

Back (Answer)

Propan-1,2,3-triol and sodium salts of the acids that make up the ester (hydrolysed with NaOH)

#24

Front (Question)

What are the uses of Propan-1,2,3-triol and sodium salts ?

Back (Answer)

Soaps and cleaning products