Chapter 7-10
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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Selective permeability
Allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others
Phospholipids
Amphipathic molecules containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
Fluid mosaic model
A membrane us a fluid structure with a “mosaic” of various proteins embedded in it
Most of the lipids, and some proteins drift _____
Laterally
As temperatures cool, membranes switch from a fluid state to a ____
Solid state
Membranes rich in ________ fatty acids are more fluid
Unsaturated
At warm temperatures cholesterol _______ movement of phospholipids
Restrains
At cool temperatures, cholesterol ______ fluidity by preventing tight packing
Maintains
_______ determine most of the membrane specific functions
Proteins
Proteins bound to the surface of the membrane
Peripheral proteins
Proteins that penetrate the hydrophobic core
Integral proteins
Integral proteins that span the membrane
Transmembrane proteins
_______ molecules can dissolve in the lipid bilayer and pass through the membrane rapidly
Hydrophobic (nonpolar)
________ molecules do not cross the membrane easily
Polar
Proteins that allow passage of hydrophilic substances across the membrane
Transport proteins
Type of transport protein, has a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or ions can use as a tunnel
Channel proteins
Channel proteins that facilitate the passage of water
Aquaporins
Other transport proteins, Bind to molecules and change shake to shuttle them across the membrane
Carrier proteins
A transport protein is ______ for the substance it moves
Specific
The tendency for molecules to spread out evenly into the available space
Diffusion
As many molecules cross one way as crows in the other direction
At dynamic equilibrium….
Substances diffuse down their own ______
Concentration gradient
The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane, no energy is required
Passive transport
The diffusion of water across a selectively peremeable membrane
Osmosis