Energy Change & Rates of Reactions
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Define heat of reaction
The net change of chemical potential energy of the system
Define exothermic reactions
Reactions which transform chemical potential energy into thermal energy
Define endothermic reactions
Reactions which transform thermal energy into chemical potential energy
Define activation energy
The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction
Define activated complex
A high energy, unstable transition state between the reactants and the products
Define reaction rate
The change in amount or concentration per unit time of either a reactant or product
Define a catalyst
A substance that increases the rate of the reaction but remains unchanged at the end of the reaction
State Le Chatelier’s Principle
‘When an external stress (change in pressure, temperature or concentration) is applied to a system in dynamic chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium point will change in such a way as to counteract the stress’