Artificial Insemination/Embryo Transfer
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AI is most popular/most effective in ________ _______.
Dairy cattle
Advantages of AI?
-Widespread use of outstanding sires - overcome incompatibilities with male and female - lessens dangers -reduces spreading of diseases - more uniform crop of offspring
What is estrus synchronization?
All females will be ovulating at same time which leads to easy AI and easy tracking of cycle
(def) A water jacket used for semen collection, only horses
Artificial vagina
(def) Gloved hand acts as cervix, mainly boars
Mechanical manipulation
Electrical stimulation should never be used on which animal?
Stallion
What is looked for during the microscopic evaluation of sperm?
Concentration, motility (ability to move efficiently), and morphology (size and shape)
The addition of _______ helps prevent freezing and expanding of sperm cells
Glycerol
Most semen is stored in?
Straws stored in liquid nitrogen
Thaw semen for ____ seconds in _____ ______.
10-30 seconds Warm water
Where do you inseminate a cow?
Uterine body at tip of cervix
Where do you inseminate a sow/mare/ewe?
Cervix
What is the prostaglandis form of estrus synchronization?
Causes CL to die at certain time and start estrus (not great because you need a functional CL)
What is CIDR?
Releases progesterone into vagina, best synchronization device
What is MGA estrus synchronization?
Feeds progesterone, stop feeding and you get animal in heat
Signs of heat in a female?
Stands still to be mounted, marker animals, teaser animals. Mare: aggressive Ewe: playing with rams Sow: stands still when you touch her back
(def) Use superovulation to produce multiple ova, fertilize them and flush them
Embryo transfer
(def) Depositing semen in the uterine body, low probability of conception
Transcervical AI
(def) Semen injected directly into lumen of each uterine horn, highest rate of success
Laparoscopic AI
(T/F) You can flush small ruminants like cattle
False, you must go in surgically, pull out uterus, and flush eggs
Collect embryos ____ days after breeding
6-7
Give a shot of _______ to terminate any leftover embryos
Lutalyse