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Endocrine Function III (part 1)

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Basic anatomy of the adrenal cortex

Back (Answer)

(outer) capsule, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla (inner)

#2
Front (Question)

Three layers of the adrenal cortex

Back (Answer)

• Zona Glomerulosa (outermost) • Zona Fasciculata (middle layer) • Zona Reticularis (innermost layer)

#3
Front (Question)

Three major hormone classes of the adrenal cortex

Back (Answer)

Estrane Androsane Pregnane

#4
Front (Question)

Major hormone(s) produced by Zona Glomerulosa layer

Back (Answer)

Mineralocorticoids

#5
Front (Question)

Major hormone(s) produced by Zona Faciculata layer

Back (Answer)

Glucocorticoids

#6
Front (Question)

Major hormone(s) produced by Zona Reticularis layer

Back (Answer)

Sex Hormones

#7
Front (Question)

Number of carbons on estrogens, androgens, and adrenal steroids

Back (Answer)

estrogens: 18 androgens: 19 adrenal steroids: 21

#8
Front (Question)

First Biosynthetic pathway for adrenocorticosteroid formation

Back (Answer)

Acetate to Cholesterol to Pregnenolone to Adrenocorticoids

#9
Front (Question)

Second Biosynthetic pathway for adrenocorticosteroid formation (not preferred)

Back (Answer)

Pregnenolone to DHEA to Androstenedione to Testosterone to (Estradiol)

#10
Front (Question)

Causes of adrenocorticosteroids utilizing alternate pathway instead of the preferred pathway

Back (Answer)

Enzyme deficiencies

#11
Front (Question)

Importance of enzymes in steroid biogensis

Back (Answer)

Takes enzymes to make conversions to final product

#12
Front (Question)

Major site of steroid metabolism

Back (Answer)

liver

#13
Front (Question)

Form of adrenocorticosteroids excreted in the urine

Back (Answer)

Liver is site of catabolism; water insoluble hormones must be conjugated with sulfates or glucuronic acid to be excreted in urine

#14
Front (Question)

Steroid which has a neg feedback effect on adrenocorticotrophic hormone

Back (Answer)

Cortisol

#15
Front (Question)

Name of the principle cortisol-binding protein

Back (Answer)

CBG

#16
Front (Question)

mineralocorticoids - metabolic effects

Back (Answer)

maintain sodium and potassium balance

#17
Front (Question)

Most potent glucocorticoid

Back (Answer)

cortisol

#18
Front (Question)

Most potent mineralocorticoid

Back (Answer)

aldosterone

#19
Front (Question)

most potent adrenocortical androgen

Back (Answer)

Testosterone

#20
Front (Question)

Four specific regulatory factors for aldosterone (order in importance)

Back (Answer)

• Potassium secretion • Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system • Total body sodium concentration • ACTH

#21
Front (Question)

What is the role of renin-angiotensin system on the regulation of aldosterone

Back (Answer)

Know the system! Releases aldosterone and reabsorbs Na and releases K+

#22
Front (Question)

seven metabolic effects of glucocorticoids

Back (Answer)

• Promotion of gluconeogenesis and lipolysis • Promotion of liver glycogenesis • Promotion of liver glycogenolysis • Inhibition of protein synthesis and promotion of protein catabolism • Increased anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive action • Decreased intestinal absorption of calcium; increased loss of calcium from bone matrix • Miscellaneous: enzyme production, appetite promotion; regulation of blood pressure

#23
Front (Question)

Three regulatory factors for the release of glucocorticoids

Back (Answer)

• ACTH stimulation of hormone • Normal diurnal variation • Stress

#24
Front (Question)

feedback mechanism utilized in glucocorticoid hormonal regulation

Back (Answer)

Cortisol causes negative feedback on hypothalamus and anterior pituitary