Unit 2 - Homologous Series
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What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound which contains Carbon and Hydrogen ONLY
State the prefixes for hydrocarbons with: 1 carbon 2 carbons 3 carbons 4 carbons 5 carbons 6 carbons 7 carbons 8 carbons
1 = Meth 2 = Eth 3 = Prop 4 = But 5 = Pent 6 = Hex 7 = Hept 8 = Oct
What is a homologous series?
A homologous series is a family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.
What is the general formula for the alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula for the alkenes?
CnH2n
What is the general formula of the cycloalkanes?
CnH2n
Why are alkanes described as saturated?
The carbon to carbon bonds in alkanes are all single bonds.
Why are alkenes described as unsaturated?
Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple carbon to carbon bond.
What is the test for unsaturation?
Bromine Water will decolourise if added to an unsaturated hydrocarbon
What type of reaction occurs when reactants such as Hydrogen or Chlorine attacks and breaks the double bond?
Addition Reactions
What is formed when an alkene undergoes an addition reaction with hydrogen?
An Alkane
Define isomers.
Isomers have the same molecular formula (same numbers of carbons and hydrogens) but different structural formula