B2 Biology - Stem cells and differentiation
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what does undifferentiated mean? and what are they called?
cells can develop in to different types of cells they are called stem cells
where are stem cells found in humans?
bone marrow
how are scientists trying to get one specific type of stem cell?
by changing the environment they’re growing in
why do some people think stem cell research is a bad thing?
• people believe that you are killing something with the potential to grow into human life • unwanted cells are destroyed • its just purely unethical
what is the 23rd pair of chromosomes labelled?
XX and XY
XY XX what do they mean?
XY = MALE XX = FEMALE
what are genetic diagrams?
they help you find the possibility of getting a boy or a girl
how could stem cells be used to treat disorders?
the cells can turn into new blood cells or replace faulty cells within the body
who was Gregor Mendel? what did he show?
a monk who studied in maths and natural history he showed that characteristcs in plants are passed on to the next generation
what are the two hereditary units?
dominant and recessive
what are alleles?
different versions of the same gene
what does homozygous mean?
organism with two alleles for a particular gene
what does heterozygous mean?
two alleles for the same gene are different
is cystic fibrosis caused by recessive or dominant allele?
recessive
is polydactyly caused by R or D allele?
Dominant
what chance do babies have of getting CF if their parents are both carriers?
1 in 4 chance
why is embryo screening seen as a bad thing?
• can choose what your baby looks like, unethical • rejected embryos are destroyed • screening is expensive
why is embryo seen as a good thing?
• stop people suffering - treating disorders can cost, this will save lots of money for the gov.