2.6 Reactions of aqueous ions

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

What is formed when Fe²⁺ reacts with water?

Back (Answer)

Forms [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ Hexa-aqua iron

Front (Question)

What is formed when Cu²⁺ reacts with water?

Back (Answer)

Forms [Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ Hexa-aqua copper

Front (Question)

What is formed when Fe³⁺ reacts with water?

Back (Answer)

Forms [Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺ Hexa-aqua iron

Front (Question)

What is formed when Al³⁺ reacts with water?

Back (Answer)

Forms [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ Hexa-aqua aluminium

Front (Question)

Which is more acidic [M(H₂O)₆]³⁺ or [M(H₂O)₆]²⁺?

Back (Answer)

[M(H₂O)₆]³⁺

Front (Question)

Explain why [M(H₂O)₆]³⁺ is more acidic?

Back (Answer)

• Has a higher charge and a smaller size. • Therefore, the 3+ charge is more polarising. • This attracts the e¯ from the oxygen lone pair on water ligands. • This weakens the O-H bond on the water ligands. • Makes it easier for the release of H⁺ from these bonds. • H⁺ dissociates more, and therefore is more acidic.

Front (Question)

How does [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ react with a little bit of NaOH/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

• Partial hydrolysis of water ligands. - Results in neutralisation.

Front (Question)

[Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ + OH¯/NH₃ →

Back (Answer)

[Fe(OH)₂(H₂O)₄] + 2H₂O

Front (Question)

What is the observation for [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ + OH¯/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

Green precipitate (solution)

#10

Front (Question)

How does [Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ react with a little bit of NaOH/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

• Partial hydrolysis of water ligands. - Results in neutralisation.

#11

Front (Question)

[Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ + OH¯/NH₃ →

Back (Answer)

[Cu(OH)₂(H₂O)₄] + 2H₂O

#12

Front (Question)

What is the observation for [Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ + OH¯/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

Blue precipitate (solution)

#13

Front (Question)

How does [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺react in excess OH¯/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

Same as in a little bit, just neutralisation.

#14

Front (Question)

How does [Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ react in excess OH¯?

Back (Answer)

Same as in a little bit, just neutralisation.

#15

Front (Question)

How does [Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺ react with a little bit of NaOH/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

• Partial hydrolysis of water ligands. - Results in neutralisation.

#16

Front (Question)

How does [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ react with a little bit of NaOH/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

• Partial hydrolysis of water ligands. - Results in neutralisation.

#17

Front (Question)

[Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺ + OH¯ / NH₃→

Back (Answer)

[Fe(OH)₃(H₂O)₃] + 3H₂O

#18

Front (Question)

[Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ + OH¯/NH₃ →

Back (Answer)

[Al(OH)₃(H₂O)₃] + 3H₂O

#19

Front (Question)

What is the observation for [Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺ + OH¯/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

Brown precipitate (solution)

#20

Front (Question)

What is the observation for [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ + OH¯/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

White precipitate (solution)

#21

Front (Question)

How does react [Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺ in excess OH¯/NH₃?

Back (Answer)

Same as in a little bit, just neutralisation.

#22

Front (Question)

How does react [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ in excess OH¯?

Back (Answer)

Forms [Al(OH)₄]¯

#23

Front (Question)

How does [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ react in excess NH₃?

Back (Answer)

Same as in a little bit, just neutralisation.

#24

Front (Question)

How does [Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ react in excess NH₃?

Back (Answer)

• Neutralisation to form [Cu(OH)₂(H₂O)₄] - Then does ligand substitution to form [Cu(NH₃)₄(H₂O)₂]²⁺