Test 3 Slides

is a field that assesses environmental factors that can influence our health and quality of life. o These include both natural and anthropogenic factors.

arise from natural environmental processes, such as UV radiation from sunlight and natural disasters. o These risks can be reduced with protective measures, such as sunblock and disaster detection and warning systems

include synthetic chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, disinfectants and pesticides, and natural toxins like venom.

Result from interactions with other organisms, such as viruses, bacteria, insects, or parasites.

occur as the result of our place of residence, socioeconomic status, occupation, or behavioral choices. o Choosing to smoke, accompanying people who smoke, poor diet, drug use, and workplace hazards are all examples.

is the science of examining the effects of poisonous substances on humans and other organisms.

is the study of anthropogenic chemicals released into the environment that have human health effects.

Cigarette smoke, radon a radioactive gas that seeps into bedrock, Asbestos an insulation product are outdoor hazards.

Lead poisoning, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (P BDEs) are compounds used as fire retardants in a variety of products, including electronics, plastics, and furniture. o Similar to BPA, PBDEs act as hormone disruptors, interfering with thyroid hormones. o The European Union banned PBDEs in 2003, but they have not yet been addressed in the United States.

A dose-response curve shows how much of a population is affected when exposed to a certain dose of a substance. A substance with a high LD50 is considered safer because a high LD50 indicates a large dose of a substance is needed to kill half of a population. A low LD50 means that only a small dose is needed to kill the same number in a population.

Nearly 70% of solar radiation is absorbed by the earth’s atmosphere and oceans, and the rest is reflected back into space. The absorbed radiation is re-emitted as infrared radiation. - Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb a portion of the long-wavelength radiation and re-emit it, sending it back down to warm the atmosphere and surface through the Greenhouse Effect.

A species-area relationship (SAR) describes the pattern where the number of species found in a given area increases as the area itself increases, essentially meaning larger habitats tend to support a greater variety of species; this relationship can be used to predict extinction rates by estimating how many species are likely to be lost when a habitat is reduced in size, allowing researchers to calculate potential extinction risks associated with habitat loss or fragmentation.