Examples

simulated annealing with local search to solve TSP

GA used as an optimizer and its standard operators augmented with the ability to perform local search, such as results obtained on graph coloring problem hybridizing GA with tabu search

Using a greedy heuristic to generate a good initial population for EAs, such as Talbi et al. using tabu search to improve population obtained by a GA

GA Island model, each subpopulation evolves using GA and they are allowed to migrate between subpopulations

• Particle swarm optimization-ant colony optimization (PSO-ACO) • Hybrid artificial bee colony-differential evolution (HABCDE)

• Cellular PSO (CPSO) • Genetic PSO, using the mutation operator from GA in PSO