Topic B3 - Definitions

containing carbon atoms joined together in a ring, that is not aromatic

containing carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains

containing one or more benzene rings

reaction in which the propagation steps release new radicals that continue the reaction

type of E/Z isomerism - 2 non-hydrogen groups and 2 hydrogen atoms around the double C=C bond -cis isomer has H atoms on each carbon on same side -trans isomer has H atoms on each carbon on different sides

type of stereoisomerism in which different groups attached to each carbon of a C=C double bond may be arranged differently in space (due to restricted rotation of C=C bond)

an atom which is an electron pair acceptor, to form a new covalent bond

simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

the part of the organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions

simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series (e.g. alkanes CnH2n+2)

breaking of a covalent bond forming a cation and an anion

series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2

formula that shows the number and type of atoms of each element present in a molecule

electron pair donor, to form a new covalent bond

species with an unpaired electron

continual boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture back to the original container, ensuring reaction takes place without the contents of the flask boiling dry

compounds with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of atoms in space

formula showing the minimal detail for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule

molecules with the same molecular formula but with different structural formulae