Kidenys

The components are • Two kidneys • Two ureters • Urinary bladder • Urethra

Blood enters through the renal artery and enters through a complex filtration system inside of the kidneys there are substan which are kept in the body which are reabsorbed exit through renal vein out of the kidney the unwanted stuff are eliminated through the body as urine

pared kidneys are reddish-brown,bean shaped organs.are retropertioneal,sited in the abnormal cavity between the peritoneum and psterior abdominal wall,extend from vertbrea T12 to L3 and the right kidney is lower then the left

10-12 cm long 5-7 cm wide 3 cm thick On the concave border is a deep feature called the renal hilum

The nephron is the functional unit of the renal system is responsible for filteration and collection

Renal cortex Renal medulla Nephron

Extends from the renal capsule to base of renal pyramids. Divides into two regions outer cortical region and the inner juxtamedullary region

consist of 8-10 cone shaped areas called renal pyramids

occupies the inner region for urine collection,originates from the upper portion of ureter branches into structures called calyces

the apex of renal pyramids ends in renal papila opens into minor calyx drains into major calyx and into the renal pelvis

is a fibrous capsule with protective layer of adipose tissue

Consits of single renal pyrmid overlaying cortex tubules extending from renal cortex to renal pyramid or medulla region

the functional portion of the kidney is made up of the renal cortex and renal medulla and contains about one million nephrons

Renal arteries into Road Sentimental arteries into Side Interlobar arteries into Intubation Arcuate arteries into Anal Interlobular arteries into Intravenous Afferent arterioles into Access Glomerular capillaries into Get Effererent arterioles into Everyone Peritubular capillaries & Pretty Vasa recta into Vexed Peritubular venules into People Interlobular veins into Including Arculate veins into Aaps Interlobar veins into Invent Segmental veins into Silly Renal veins Rhymms

Has two capillaries bed blood enters through the blood vessels into glomerulus tightly packed into the bowman’s capsule the walls are semi - permeable small molecules are across drain into PCT.

Afferent - Approaching/towards Efferent - Exiting/leaving

Is where blood plasma is filtered consits of the glomerulus and bowmans capsule

This is a passage for the filtered fluids consist of the proximal convoluted tubules,Loop of Henle and Distal Convoluted Tubules

Forms a large papillary duct at the apex of the medulla

Cortical nephrons loop of henle lie mainly within the cortex. Juxtamedullory nephrons loop of henle lie mainly bewteen the medulla

80 to 85% of nephrons are cortical,short loop of henle lies mainly in the cortex and is supplied by peritubular capillaries

15-20% of nephrons,long loop of henle lies mainly in the medulla supplied by the vasa recta,thin descending limb and thick descending limb

A - Acid base balance W- Water balance E - Electrolyte balance B- Blood pressure control E - Erythropoeitin production D - Vitamin D synthesis

Regulation of blood pH by excreting hydrogen ions and conserving bicarbonate ions