Pathology
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Abscess
Additive Capsule infection, increased thickness
Edema
Additive Swelling, increased tissue thickness
Tumors
Additive Abnormal new growth
Atelectasis
Additive “wrinkled sheet” Collapsing lung causes lung tissue density to increase
Cardiomegaly
Additive Enlargement of heart
CHF - congested heart failure
Additive Decreased cardiac output, leads to increased lung density
Pleural effusions
Additive Fluid buildup in pleural space leads to increase in lung tissue density
Pneumonia
Additive Inflammation, abnormal thickening
Pneumonectomy
Additive Removal of lung will cause affected side to fill with fluid
Pulmonary edema
Additive Fluid buildup
TB
Tuberculosis Additive Infection that causes inflammatory response
Ascites
Additive Fluid buildup in abdomen
Cirrhosis
Additive Enlarged liver Can result in ascites
Calcified stones
Additive Calcium deposits Most common in gallbladder and urinary tract
Acromegaly
Additive Excessive growth bone mass
chronic osteomelitis
additive new bone growth
hydrocephalus
additive extra CSF
Paget’s disease
additive “cotton wool” appearance increased bone cell activity
Atrophy
Subtractive loss of calcified bone
Emaciation
Subtractive wasting away, decreased thickness of tissue
Emphysema
Subtractive alveoli lose elasticity lungs appear extra black
Pneumothorax
Subtractive collapsed lung Free air in pleural cavity Appearance: absence of lung markings
Bowel obstruction
Subtractive increased accumulation of air or fluid
Acute osteomyelitis
Subtractive bone infection leading to loss of tissue