Physiology
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How much of total body weight does blood make up?
About 8%
How many litres of blood do female adults have?
5
How many litres of blood do male adults have?
5.5
How much blood is in the lungs?
0.6 litres
How much blood is in systemic venous circulation?
3 litres
How much blood is in the heart, systemic arteries, arterioles and capillaries?
1.4 litres
Functions of blood
-Gas transport and exchange -Distributing solutes -Immune functions -Maintains body temperature -Regulates blood clotting -Preserving acid-base homeostasis -Stabilising blood pressure
What pH is blood maintained between?
7.35-7.45
What is transported in plasma?
Ions, nutrients, hormones, metabolic waste
What are erythrocytes?
Red blood cells
What are leukocytes?
White blood cells
What are thrombocytes?
Platelets
What is haematocrit?
Percentage of total blood volume occupied by red blood cells
How much of the blood does plasma make up?
55%
How much of the blood do white blood cells and platelets make up?
1%
How much of the blood does haematocrit make up?
44%
What is the normal naematocrit of a female?
42% (36.1%-44.3%)
What is the normal naematocrit of a male?
45% (40-7%-50.3%)
5 types of white blood cells
Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Two main functions of plasma
Thermoregulation and transport
Components of plasma
Water, plasma proteins, dissolved small molecules
How much of plasma is water?
> 90%
How much of plasma do plasma proteins make up?
8%
What are the plasma proteins?
Serum albumin, globulins, clotting proteins