Chapter 6 - Disturbances in Circulation
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Edema AKA Dropsy definition?
Abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissue or body cavities due to shift of fluid from vascular space into another compartment.
The Etiology of Edema?
Increased Permiability of capillary walls Increased permeability of capillary blood pressure Inflammatory conditions Low blood plasma osmotic pressure Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Anasarca
Generalized massive edema in subcutaneous tissue
Ascites
Fluid in the abdominal cavity
Fluid in any sacculated cavity in the body, especially the tunica vaginalis?
Hydrocele
Hyperemia
Excess of BLOOD in an area of the body
Congestion
Accumulation of BLOOD OR TISSUE FLUID in a body part
The dilation of arteries and increased arterial blood supply to an organ or tissue
Active Hyperemia
Physiological Hyperemia
Has to do with metabolic activity
Pathological Hyperemia
Acute inflammation or sunburned skin
Engorgement of organ or tissue due to inadequate venous drainage
Passive Hyperemia
Reduce in arterial supply to a tissue or body part
Ischemia
Causes of Ischemia
Arterial Obstruction Venous Obstruction Vasoconstriction External Pressure Heart Failure
How do you get Vasoconstriction ?
Due to abnormal function of nervous system
What are the effects of Ischemia?
Necrosis Pain Atrophy Ischemic heart disease
The definition of Infarction (Ischemic Necrosis)
The formation of an area of necrosis i na tissue caused by obstruction in the artery supplying the area.
The formation or presence of an attached blood clot?
Thrombosis
Etiology of Thrombosis?
Injury of blood vessel Reduced rate of blood flow Alterations in blood composition Blood diseases
The types of Thrombosis?
Partial Obstructive Septic - Most Dangerous Aseptic
What are the location of Thrombosis?
Blood Vessels Heart
What is Canalization?
Formation of new blood capillaries to bypass the thrombus
Do Tiny Thrombi resolve on their own?
Yes
The resolution in Thrombi?
Small thrombi dissolve not causing further damage
The calcification of Thrombi?
Mineral salts accumulate around thrombi; may become obstructive