Topic 12 - Nitrogen and Sulfur
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Is Nitrogen diatomic?
Yes
What sort of bond is there between nitrogen atoms?
Triple bond
Is N2 reactive or unreactive?
Unreactive
Why is N2 unreactive?
The triple bond is so strong it doesn’t want to break.
What process makes ammonia?
Haber process
What is the formula for ammonia?
NH3
Is ammonia soluble in water?
Yes, very.
What sort of bond is on the last hydrogen in an ammonium ion?
Dative covalent or coordinate bond.
Does ammonia act as an acid or a base?
Base
What are dative covalent/coordinated bonds?
Where one atom donates 2 electrons to an atom/ion to form a bond.
Can ammonia be displaced from its own salts?
Yes
What is the test for an ammonium compound?
NaOH Aluminum foil Gently heat Ammonia turns damp red litmus paper blue
What is a use for NH3?
As a fertiliser
What are three common fertilisers?
Urea Ammonium nitrate Ammonium phosphate
What are the 4 reactions to make nitric acid from ammonia?
NH3 + 5O2 —> 4NO + 6H2O 2NO + O2 —-> 2NO2 2NO2 –><— (EQM) N2O4 3N2O4 + 2H2O —-> 4HNO3
What can excess nitrates in fertlisers cause?
Eutrophication
How is nitrogen monoxide (NO) formed?
The reaction of N2 and O2 in car engines by an electrical spark.
What reaction in a catalytic converter removes NO?
2CO + 2NO —-> 2CO2 + N2
What are catalytic converters made from?
Rhodium, platinum, and palladium alloy.
In what formation does NO2 act as a catalyst?
The formation of sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
What is the process called to remove SO2 from flue gases?
Wet scrubbing
What is wet scrubbing?
Dissolving calcium carbonate or oxide in water and spraying on acidic sulfur dioxide gas.